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Sequencing of Bacterial Microflora in Peripheral Blood: our Experience with HIV-infected Patients
Published on: June 11, 2011
Comparative evaluation of microbial translocation products (LPS, sCD14, IgM Endocab) in HIV-1 infected Indian
Neema Negi1, Ravinder Singh2, Ashutosh Sharma1
1Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India.
Background:
Microbial translocation of lipopolysaccharides (LPS), soluble CD14 (sCD14) and IgM Endocab levels have been reported to be associated with disease progression in HIV-1 infection. In this longitudinal study, plasma levels of different microbially translocated products (LPS, sCD14, Endocab) was investigated in HIV-1 infected Indian Individuals stratified as Rapid (R), Viremic slow (VS), Slow progressors (S) and healthy controls.
Method:
Ten healthy and twenty HIV-1 infected individuals were enrolled. Plasma levels of LPS, sCD14, Endocab was examined using commercially available Limulus Amebocyte assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) enzyme linked immunosorbant assay.
Results:
Elevated levels of sCD14, IgM EndoCab and LPS were observed during HIV-1 infection compared to healthy controls. Rapid progressors had higher levels of sCD14, IgM EndoCab, LPS (median% 1553, 3596, 202.2) compared to viremic slow, slow progressors and healthy controls both at baseline and follow up visits. At baseline, LPS correlated positively with IgM Endocab and negatively with sCD14 levels while at follow-up, significant positive correlation was observed between IgM Endocab and sCD14 (IgM EndoCab r = 0.490, p = 0.05; sCD14 r = 0.051, p = 0.830). Plasma levels of sCD14 correlated positively with viral load in rapid, viremic slow and slow progressors while CD + T cell count correlated positively with sCD14 and IgM EndoCab levels in viremic slow and slow progressors.
Conclusion:
Our findings indicate that elevated levels of sCD14, IgM EndoCab and LPS in HIV-1 infected individuals are strong predictors of disease progression and could be considered as candidate biomarkers for disease monitoring.
Insights
Elevated levels of soluble CD14 (sCD14), IgM Endocab, and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) indicate faster HIV-1 disease progression. These microbial translocation products can serve as biomarkers for monitoring HIV-1 infection.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Microbial translocation products like lipopolysaccharides (LPS), soluble CD14 (sCD14), and IgM Endocab are linked to HIV-1 disease progression.
- Investigated plasma levels of these markers in Indian individuals with HIV-1, stratified by disease progression rate (Rapid, Viremic Slow, Slow) and healthy controls.
Purpose of the Study:
- To longitudinally assess plasma levels of LPS, sCD14, and Endocab in HIV-1 infected Indian individuals.
- To determine the association of these microbial translocation products with different HIV-1 disease progression rates.
Main Methods:
- Enrolled 20 HIV-1 infected individuals and 10 healthy controls.
- Measured plasma levels of LPS, sCD14, and Endocab using Limulus Amebocyte assay and ELISA.
- Longitudinal sampling at baseline and follow-up visits.
Main Results:
- HIV-1 infection showed elevated sCD14, IgM EndoCab, and LPS compared to healthy controls.
- Rapid progressors exhibited significantly higher levels of sCD14, IgM EndoCab, and LPS at baseline and follow-up.
- sCD14 levels correlated positively with viral load, and CD4+ T cell counts correlated with sCD14 and IgM EndoCab in specific patient groups.
Conclusions:
- Elevated sCD14, IgM EndoCab, and LPS are strong predictors of HIV-1 disease progression.
- These microbial translocation markers show potential as candidate biomarkers for monitoring HIV-1 disease progression.
