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Pediatric Delirium: Evaluation, Management, and Special Considerations.
Nasuh Malas1, Khyati Brahmbhatt2, Cristin McDermott3
1Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, L5023, SPC 5277, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. nmalas@med.umich.edu.
Current Psychiatry Reports
|August 13, 2017
Summary
Pediatric delirium, a state of acute brain dysfunction, significantly impacts patient outcomes and healthcare costs. Early detection and management by multidisciplinary teams are crucial for improving patient well-being and reducing distress.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric critical care medicine
- Neuroscience
- Child psychiatry
Background:
- Delirium is an acute brain dysfunction with significant negative impacts on patient outcomes, medical costs, morbidity, and mortality.
- It signifies a final common pathway for various pathophysiologic disturbances affecting cerebral homeostasis.
- Understanding pediatric delirium is essential due to its severe consequences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current understanding of pediatric delirium.
- To highlight its mechanisms, clinical manifestations, detection, and management strategies.
- To emphasize the importance of prevention and early intervention.
Main Methods:
- This is a review article, synthesizing existing knowledge on pediatric delirium.
- It focuses on clinical features, diagnostic approaches, and management principles.
- Information is gathered from current literature and clinical practice.
Main Results:
- Delirium diagnosis relies on recognizing clinical features through ongoing assessment.
- Routine screening in high-risk pediatric populations can aid early identification.
- Multidisciplinary care, including child psychiatry, is vital for evaluation and management.
Conclusions:
- Prevention, early identification, and prompt management of pediatric delirium are critical.
- These interventions alleviate symptoms, improve patient outcomes, and reduce distress for all involved.
- A comprehensive, team-based approach is necessary for effective care.
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