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Very low birth weight is associated with brain structure abnormalities and cognitive function impairments: A

Fereshteh Farajdokht1, Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad1, Reza Dehghani2

  • 1Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Brain and Cognition
|August 13, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Very low birth weight (VLBW) is linked to cognitive problems and brain abnormalities. Early assessment of neurodevelopment in VLBW children is crucial for timely intervention and support.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Increasing survival rates of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants necessitate understanding long-term neurocognitive outcomes.
  • VLBW infants face heightened risks for structural brain abnormalities and neurocognitive deficits.
  • A comprehensive understanding of VLBW's impact on brain structure and function is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the association between very low birth weight and cognitive function.
  • To investigate the relationship between very low birth weight and brain structure abnormalities.
  • To synthesize current evidence on the long-term neurodevelopmental consequences of VLBW.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science (January 2000 - January 2015).
  • Inclusion criteria focused on studies examining VLBW's association with cognitive function and brain structure.
  • Analysis of 44 eligible studies, including follow-up, cohort, and longitudinal designs.

Main Results:

  • A positive association was identified between very low birth weight and cognitive impairments.
  • Evidence indicates a link between VLBW and structural abnormalities in the brain.
  • The review highlights significant neurodevelopmental challenges in children born with VLBW.

Conclusions:

  • Very low birth weight is significantly related to cognitive deficits and brain structure anomalies.
  • Findings underscore the critical need for early neurodevelopmental assessments in VLBW infants.
  • Timely identification and tailored support are vital for children affected by VLBW.

Keywords:
Brain structureCognitionIntelligenceVery low birth weight

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