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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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During the postoperative period, it is crucial to focus on maintaining circulation, identifying and managing potential complications, and planning for discharge.Nursing AssessmentVital signs monitoring: Regularly monitor vital signs, including blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature, to detect early signs of complications such as bleeding and infection.Circulation assessment: Monitor pulses, perform Doppler assessments, and check capillary refill, color, temperature, and...
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Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
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Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) is characterized by narrowed arteries that diminish blood flow to the extremities. Effective management of PAD requires an interprofessional approach involving various healthcare professionals. The critical aspects of interprofessional care for PAD patients focus on risk factor modification, drug therapy, exercise therapy, nutrition therapy, critical limb ischemia care, and interventional radiology and surgical procedures.The primary treatment goal for PAD...
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Dynamic Quantitative Sensory Testing to Characterize Central Pain Processing
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Treat the Pain Program.

Megan O'Brien1, Amanda Schwartz1, Laura Plattner1

  • 1American Cancer Society, Washington, D.C, USA.

Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
|August 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Low- and middle-income countries face a significant gap in pain relief access, with the Treat the Pain program improving essential pain medicine availability through the MORPHINE Framework.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Palliative Care
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear a disproportionate burden of cancer and HIV deaths, yet have minimal access to essential opioid analgesics.
  • A significant disparity exists in the consumption of opioid analgesics between high-income and LMICs, contributing to untreated suffering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the challenges in accessing essential pain medicines in LMICs.
  • To outline a structured approach for interventions to improve pain relief access.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the MORPHINE Framework to systematically identify and address barriers to pain management.
  • Application of the MORPHINE Framework in Sub-Saharan African countries to improve access to oral morphine.
Keywords:
AfricaPainmorphine

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Main Results:

  • The MORPHINE Framework facilitated improvements in oral morphine access in Nigeria, Ethiopia, Uganda, Kenya, and Swaziland.
  • Interventions addressed both supply-side issues (e.g., local production) and demand-side challenges (e.g., training).

Conclusions:

  • The Treat the Pain program, utilizing the MORPHINE Framework, is actively working to reduce suffering in Sub-Saharan Africa.
  • Efforts focus on expanding access to affordable oral morphine and enhancing pain management training for healthcare providers.