D-Dimer Testing: Laboratory Aspects and Current Issues.

Area of Science:

• Clinical Biochemistry
• Hematology
• Diagnostic Medicine

Background:

• D-dimer is a common coagulation test for venous thromboembolism (VTE) diagnosis.
• Appropriate D-dimer use reduces unnecessary radiological imaging.
• It is also vital in diagnosing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).

Purpose of the Study:

• To review D-dimer physiology and formation.
• To discuss current D-dimer assessment methods.
• To highlight challenges and the need for assay harmonization.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of D-dimer physiology.
• Analysis of D-dimer detection methodologies.
• Discussion of clinical and laboratory challenges.

Main Results:

• D-dimer testing effectively aids VTE rule-out and DIC diagnosis.
• Technical issues and lack of assay harmonization pose concerns.
• Understanding D-dimer formation and limitations is essential.

Conclusions:

• D-dimer is a valuable diagnostic tool when used appropriately.
• Addressing technical variability and harmonizing assays are critical.
• Further research and standardization are needed for optimal D-dimer utility.