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Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Evaluating the Immune Response of a Nanoemulsion Adjuvant Vaccine Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA Infection
Published on: September 1, 2023
Investigating the susceptibility of mice to a bacterial challenge after intravenous exposure to durable nanoparticles
Saeed Khan1, Qin Zhang2, Bernard S Marasa3
1Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food & Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
Aim:
The goal of this study was to determine whether bacterial clearance in a rodent model would be impaired upon exposure to gold, silver or silica nanoparticles (NPs).
Materials & Methods:
Mice received weekly injections of NPs followed by a challenge of Listeria monocytogenes (LM). On days 3 and 10 after LM injections, the animals were sacrificed and their tissues were collected for elemental analysis, electron microscopy and LM count determination.
Results:
The untreated and NP-treated animals cleared LM at the same rate suggesting that bioaccumulation of NPs did not increase the animals' susceptibility to bacterial infection.
Conclusion:
The data from this study indicate that the bioaccumulation of NPs does not significantly affect the ability to react to a bacterial challenge.

