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Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
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Periodontal diseases.

Denis F Kinane1, Panagiota G Stathopoulou1, Panos N Papapanou2

  • 1University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
|August 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Periodontal diseases are inflammatory conditions affecting tooth support structures, potentially causing tooth loss and systemic inflammation. Prevention involves oral hygiene and professional biofilm removal, with new therapies emerging for tissue repair.

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Oral Microbiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Periodontal diseases involve inflammation of tooth-supporting structures like gingiva and bone.
  • These conditions can lead to tooth loss and contribute to systemic inflammation.
  • Oral microbiota dysbiosis (dental plaque) interacting with host immunity initiates and propagates periodontal disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of periodontal diseases.
  • To discuss the pathophysiology, risk factors, and prevention strategies.
  • To highlight emerging treatment modalities for periodontal disease management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on periodontal diseases.
  • Analysis of the role of oral microbiota and host immune response.
  • Examination of environmental and host-related risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Periodontal disease progression involves cycles of activity and quiescence.
  • Severity is influenced by modifiable (e.g., smoking) and non-modifiable (e.g., genetics) risk factors.
  • Effective prevention includes daily oral hygiene and regular professional biofilm removal.

Conclusions:

  • Periodontal diseases are complex inflammatory conditions with significant systemic implications.
  • Integrated approaches combining hygiene, professional care, and novel therapies are crucial.
  • Ongoing research into antimicrobial, host modulation, laser, and tissue engineering therapies offers promising advancements.