Hierarchically structured TiO₂/PAN nanofibrous membranes for high-efficiency air filtration and toluene degradation

Hierarchically structured, nanoparticle-on-nanofiber composite membranes were successfully prepared by electrospray of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) suspensions and electrospinning of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution simultaneously. The results showed that the TiO₂ nanoparticles were highly dispersed on the surface of PAN nanofibers to construct hierarchical nanostructures, which could not only endow the composite membrane with high photocatalytic activity but also further improve the filter efficiency of the composite membrane. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activities and filter efficiencies of composite membranes could be further tuned by controlling the TiO₂/PAN mass ratios. Our study indicated that the combination of TiO₂ nanoparticles and PAN nanofibers via simultaneous electrospinning-spray offers a new strategy to construct advanced multifunctional TiO₂/PAN membranes with hierarchical nanostructures, which could not only perform well in decomposing toluene but also remove particulate matter in air effectively.