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Which Latitudinal Gradients for Genetic Diversity?

Paolo Gratton1, Silvio Marta2, Gaëlle Bocksberger1

  • 1Department of Primatology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|August 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Genetic diversity in mammals and amphibians shows different patterns across latitudes. A recent analysis was biased, but reanalysis reveals distinct trends, correcting previous assumptions about poleward decrease.

Keywords:
GenBankdistance decay of similaritygenetic diversitygeoreferencingglobal patternsphylogeography

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Genetics
  • Zoology

Background:

  • Previous studies suggested a uniform poleward decrease in intraspecific genetic diversity for both amphibians and mammals.
  • These findings were based on analyses of GenBank DNA sequences.
  • Potential biases in the previous analytical methods were not fully addressed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the latitudinal gradients of intraspecific genetic diversity in mammals and amphibians.
  • To address the bias in previous analyses by accounting for distance decay of similarity.
  • To determine if the observed patterns of genetic diversity are consistent across these two vertebrate classes.

Main Methods:

  • Reanalysis of existing GenBank DNA sequence datasets for amphibians and mammals.
  • Incorporation of a distance decay of similarity model to correct for spatial autocorrelation.
  • Comparative analysis of latitudinal diversity patterns between mammals and amphibians.

Main Results:

  • The previous conclusion of a consistent poleward decrease in genetic diversity was found to be biased.
  • Mammals exhibit a distinct latitudinal gradient of genetic diversity, differing from amphibians.
  • Amphibians also show a unique latitudinal diversity pattern, not mirroring the mammalian trend.

Conclusions:

  • Latitudinal patterns of intraspecific genetic diversity are class-specific in vertebrates.
  • Accounting for distance decay of similarity is crucial for accurate biodiversity assessments.
  • The study corrects a previously reported, but biased, global trend in genetic diversity.