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Related Concept Videos

Seizures: Classification01:13

Seizures: Classification

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Epilepsy is primarily characterized by unpredictable seizures, either provoked by an identifiable factor, such as injury or illness, or unprovoked, occurring spontaneously without apparent cause.
Seizures are typically classified into two main categories: focal and generalized seizures.
Focal Seizures
Focal seizures originate from specific regions of the brain. These seizures are further sub-classified into two types:
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Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview01:24

Epilepsy and Seizures: Overview

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
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Related Experiment Video

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Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale
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Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale

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Post-stroke seizures are clinically underestimated.

Carla Bentes1,2, Hugo Martins3, Ana Rita Peralta4,5

  • 1EEG/Sleep Laboratory/Stroke Unit, Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health (Neurology), Hospital de Santa Maria, CHLN, Avenida Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-035, Lisbon, Portugal. ccbentes@gmail.com.

Journal of Neurology
|August 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of adult epilepsy. This study found that electroencephalography (EEG) reveals a higher frequency of seizures after ischemic stroke than clinical evaluation alone.

Keywords:
EEGElectrographic seizuresEpilepsyInterictal epileptiform activityIschaemic strokeSymptomatic seizures

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurophysiology
  • Stroke Medicine

Background:

  • Cerebrovascular disease is a primary cause of epilepsy in adults.
  • The reported frequency of post-stroke seizures varies, with limited use of electroencephalography (EEG) for diagnosis.
  • Understanding seizure manifestations in acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the frequency of electroencephalography (EEG) and clinical epileptic manifestations in patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke.
  • To highlight the underestimation of post-stroke seizures when relying solely on clinical evaluation.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study of 151 acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke patients followed for 1 year.
  • Clinical seizure evaluation during hospitalization, and at 6 and 12 months post-stroke.
  • Video-EEG performed within 72 hours, daily for the first week, at discharge, and at 12 months.

Main Results:

  • 38 patients (25.2%) experienced an epileptic seizure within the first year post-stroke.
  • 27 patients (17.9%) showed epileptiform activity on EEG during hospitalization, with 7 experiencing electrographic seizures.
  • Exclusively electrographic seizures were observed in over one-fifth of patients with seizures within the first 7 days.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical evaluation alone significantly underestimates the frequency of post-stroke seizures.
  • Systematic neurophysiological evaluation, including EEG, is essential for accurate diagnosis of seizures after ischemic stroke.
  • Early and comprehensive EEG monitoring is vital for identifying seizure activity in stroke patients.