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Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells
Published on: May 4, 2018
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Vitamin D Activity and Metabolism in Bone
1Musculoskeletal Biology Research, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5001, Australia. paul.anderson@unisa.edu.au.
Current Osteoporosis Reports
|August 16, 2017
Summary
Vitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) plays complex roles in bone health, influencing calcium absorption and bone metabolism. This review explores its varied actions in bone, highlighting both anabolic and catabolic effects.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Bone Biology
- Mineral Metabolism
Background:
- 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) is crucial for calcium homeostasis, impacting intestinal absorption and bone mineral metabolism.
- Bone cells express the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and enzymes for 1,25(OH)2D synthesis (CYP27B1) and catabolism (CYP24A1).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the direct actions of vitamin D metabolism and activity within bone.
- To highlight contrasting evidence regarding vitamin D's roles in bone mineral maintenance and its catabolic functions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent evidence on vitamin D's direct actions in bone.
- Analysis of studies investigating VDR, CYP27B1, and CYP24A1 gene involvement in bone processes.
Main Results:
- Vitamin D influences bone resorption, mineralization, and fracture repair through VDR, CYP27B1, and CYP24A1.
- 1,25(OH)2D exhibits pleiotropic effects, potentially regulating bone mineral positively or negatively based on context.
Conclusions:
- Vitamin D contributes to bone mineral maintenance beyond its catabolic roles.
- The diverse actions of vitamin D in bone underscore its complex involvement in skeletal health.
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