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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Murine Model of Leukemia Relapse to Induction Chemotherapy for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
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Acute Leukemia in Horses.

Carina J Cooper1, Stefan M Keller2, Luis G Arroyo1

  • 11 Department of Clinical Studies, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

Veterinary Pathology
|August 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details acute leukemia in horses, classifying cases as acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Findings highlight unique features in equine leukemia, including variable antigen expression and inflammation.

Keywords:
CD172aacute lymphoblastic leukemiaacute lymphocytic leukemiaacute myeloid leukemiabone marrowequineimmunohistochemistryionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1/allograft inflammatory factor-1

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Equine Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Classifying equine leukemia is challenging due to blast predominance and limited antibody availability.
  • Acute leukemia in horses requires detailed clinical and pathological description.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical and pathological features of acute leukemia in horses.
  • To differentiate between acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in equine cases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of twelve horses diagnosed with acute leukemia.
  • Immunohistochemistry used to detect specific antigens (CD3, CD20, CD79a for ALL; Iba-1/AIF-1, CD172a, CD163 for AML).
  • Evaluation of blood films, bone marrow aspirates, and serum acute phase proteins.

Main Results:

  • Six cases classified as ALL and six as AML (four myelomonocytic, one basophilic, one eosinophilic).
  • Common findings included thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, anemia, and blasts in blood films; leukocytosis was absent.
  • Horses presented severely ill, with high blast percentages in bone marrow (80-100% in ALL, 30-60% in AML).

Conclusions:

  • Acute leukemia in horses presents with distinct features, including variable lymphocyte antigen expression in ALL and frequent inflammation in both ALL and AML.
  • Equine leukemia cases require specific diagnostic approaches due to species-unique characteristics.