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    This study introduces a model to distinguish between uncontrollable neuromotor noise and adaptable action-tolerance variability after neurological injury. This helps tailor rehabilitation for stroke survivors by identifying their specific motor challenges.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Motor Control
    • Rehabilitation Science

    Background:

    • Neurological trauma, such as stroke, significantly impacts daily activities by increasing motor variability.
    • Sources of motor variability, neuromotor noise (uncontrollable) and action-tolerance variability (adaptable), are often conflated.
    • Distinguishing these variability types is crucial for effective rehabilitation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate an adaptive model that disambiguates neuromotor noise and action-tolerance variability.
    • To generate distinct "signatures" for each type of variability within a task.
    • To compare model predictions with experimental data from stroke survivors and healthy individuals.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of an adaptive model to simulate motor variability.
    • Generation of distinct "signatures" for neuromotor noise and action-tolerance variability.
    • Comparison of model outputs with experimental motor data from participants.

    Main Results:

    • The model successfully produced distinct signatures for neuromotor noise and action-tolerance variability.
    • Individuals with higher neuromotor noise showed limited adaptability to the task, aligning with model predictions.
    • The findings suggest that not all stroke survivors can adapt equally due to varying levels of neuromotor noise.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed model effectively differentiates between neuromotor noise and action-tolerance variability.
    • This technique can inform personalized rehabilitation strategies for stroke survivors and individuals with neurological injuries.
    • The model may aid in understanding the type of brain injury sustained by stroke survivors and guide tailored training interventions.