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Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 18, 2026

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings
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Fluid and Medication Considerations in the Traumatized Patient.

Amita Misir1, S Mehrotra1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.

Current Pediatric Reviews
|August 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This review highlights fluid therapy and medications for pediatric trauma resuscitation. Isotonic crystalloids are first-line for hemorrhagic shock, with blood products and tranexamic acid used for severe cases. Medication choice for intubation and vasopressor support depends on patient physiology.

Keywords:
Fluidspatientpediatricshocktransfusiontrauma.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Trauma Care
  • Resuscitation Medicine
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Pediatric trauma management requires specific fluid and medication strategies.
  • Hemorrhagic shock and Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) present unique challenges in children.
  • Optimal resuscitation impacts patient outcomes significantly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence-based guidelines for fluid therapy in pediatric trauma.
  • To outline appropriate medication choices for resuscitation, intubation, and shock management.
  • To discuss the role of blood products, tranexamic acid, and steroids in severe pediatric trauma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of fluid resuscitation and pharmacotherapy in pediatric trauma.
  • Analysis of guidelines for hemorrhagic shock, TBI, and spinal cord injury management.
  • Synthesis of recommendations for blood product administration and critical care medications.

Main Results:

  • Isotonic crystalloids are the primary resuscitation fluid for hemorrhagic shock.
  • Blood products (pRBCs, FFP, platelets) are indicated after initial crystalloid administration for ongoing bleeding.
  • Tranexamic acid is recommended for massive hemorrhage risk. Medication choices for intubation and vasopressor support are guided by patient hemodynamics.
  • Steroids may be considered for spinal cord injury.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence-based fluid and medication strategies are crucial for optimizing pediatric trauma resuscitation.
  • Tailoring interventions to patient physiology, including shock severity and TBI, improves outcomes.
  • Adherence to established protocols for blood products and critical medications is essential.