Pathways to Genome-targeted Therapies in Serous Ovarian Cancer

Joshua Axelrod1, Joe Delaney1

  • 1Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Reproductive Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine and UCSD Moores Cancer Center, 3855 Health Sciences Drive, La Jolla, CA 39216, USA.

Journal of Nature and Science
|August 18, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Advances in genomic data offer new cancer treatments, but serous ovarian cancer options remain limited. This review explores recent findings on ovarian cancer

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Genome sequencing and oncology publications have created vast public datasets for numerous cancer types.
  • These advancements have led to new treatments and, in some cases, long-term disease management.
  • However, treatment options for serous ovarian cancer are still limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent progress in understanding ovarian cancer.
  • To focus on the heterogeneity, functional genomics, and actionable data in ovarian cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent advances in ovarian cancer research.
  • Analysis of publicly available genomic datasets.
  • Focus on studies addressing heterogeneity and functional genomics.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding cancer genomics.
  • Ovarian cancer research has identified key areas of heterogeneity.
  • Actionable data for targeted therapies is emerging.

Conclusions:

  • Despite advances in genomic data, serous ovarian cancer treatment remains challenging.
  • Further research into ovarian cancer heterogeneity and functional genomics is crucial.
  • Translating genomic insights into effective treatments is a key future direction.

Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
9.0K
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
6.2K
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.8K
Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
10.3K
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
49
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
9.9K