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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

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Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Types of RNA01:23

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

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Long Noncoding RNAs in the Yeast S. cerevisiae.

Rachel O Niederer1, Evan P Hass2, David C Zappulla3

  • 1Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|August 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widespread and crucial for gene regulation, especially in yeast. Further research in model organisms will illuminate their roles in human diseases.

Keywords:
CDC28GAL10IRT1Long noncoding RNAPHO84RME2SRG1Saccharomyces cerevisiaeTERRATLC1Telomerase RNAYeastlncRNApHO

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a significant portion of the transcriptome, with diverse functions still being uncovered.
  • While thousands of lncRNA transcripts exist in animals, they are also found in simple eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea, indicating their ubiquity.
  • The characterization of lncRNA functions, organization, and disease relevance is an ongoing and evolving field.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on lncRNAs, focusing on the model organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast).
  • To highlight the roles of yeast lncRNAs in transcriptional regulation, stress response, and other cellular processes.
  • To explore the mechanistic insights gained from yeast lncRNAs, such as the flexible scaffold model for telomerase RNA, applicable to other species.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on lncRNAs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • Analysis of studies implicating lncRNAs in transcriptional regulation, particularly in response to stress.
  • Examination of non-regulatory lncRNA functions, exemplified by telomerase RNA.

Main Results:

  • Most studied yeast lncRNAs are involved in the cis-transcriptional regulation of protein-coding genes, often linked to stress responses.
  • A subset of yeast lncRNAs perform functions beyond transcriptional regulation, such as telomerase RNA's role as a scaffold for RNP complexes.
  • The flexible scaffold model for telomerase RNA offers a paradigm for understanding how lncRNAs orchestrate RNP complexes.

Conclusions:

  • Significant fundamental knowledge gaps remain regarding lncRNA architecture and function.
  • Genetically tractable unicellular model organisms like yeast are valuable for advancing lncRNA characterization.
  • Understanding basic lncRNA biology will enhance our knowledge of their links to human diseases.