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Exosomal microRNA communication between tissues during organogenesis.

Toru Hayashi1, Matthew P Hoffman2

  • 1a Department of Anatomical Science , Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences , Sagamihara , Kanagawa , Japan.

RNA Biology
|August 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Mesenchymal microRNAs (miRNAs) in exosomes travel to the epithelium, regulating progenitor cell proliferation and gene expression to guide organ development. This highlights exosomal miRNAs as mobile signals coordinating tissue interactions during organogenesis.

Keywords:
KITepithelial-mesenchymal interactionexosomesmiR-133b-3pmicroRNAsalivary gland

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Epithelial-mesenchymal interactions are crucial for organ development, relying on secreted signaling molecules.
  • Recent studies show mesenchymal microRNAs (miRNAs) are transferred to epithelial cells via exosomes in fetal salivary glands.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of exosomal miRNAs in mediating epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during organogenesis.
  • To understand how these mobile genetic signals influence progenitor cell behavior and gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of exosome-mediated transfer of miRNAs from mesenchyme to epithelium in fetal mouse salivary glands.
  • Investigating the impact of exosomal miRNAs on epithelial gene expression, specifically DNA methylation pathways.
  • Assessing the effect on progenitor cell proliferation and organ morphogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Mature mesenchymal-derived miRNAs are packaged into exosomes and transported to the fetal salivary gland epithelium.
  • Exosomal miRNAs regulate epithelial progenitor cell proliferation and influence the expression of genes involved in DNA methylation.
  • These miRNA signals mediate epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, impacting organ development and morphogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomal miRNAs act as mobile genetic signals that cross tissue boundaries, playing a key role in coordinating organogenesis.
  • These findings suggest exosomal miRNAs are critical regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions.
  • Exosomal miRNAs represent a promising avenue for therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine for damaged adult organs.