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Acceptability of Group Visits for Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Pediatric Clinics
Nerissa S Bauer1, Nina Azer, Paula D Sullivan
1*Section of Children's Health Services Research, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN; †Center for Health Services Research, Regenstrief Institute Inc, Indianapolis, IN; ‡Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY; §Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN; ‖Eskenazi Medical Group, Indianapolis, IN; ¶Section of Pediatric and Adolescent Comparative Effectiveness Research, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN.
Insights
Caregivers and children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) found group visits beneficial, reporting improved understanding and skills. Facilitators noted challenges but saw value in the ADHD group model for enhanced family engagement and care.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric healthcare
- Clinical psychology
- Family medicine
Background:
- Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience significant functional impairments at home and school.
- Group visit models offer a potential solution for delivering timely parenting support to families managing ADHD.
- The acceptance of group visit models by families and healthcare providers has not been extensively studied.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the acceptability of ADHD group visits among caregivers, child participants, and facilitators in pediatric clinics.
- To identify perceived benefits and challenges associated with the ADHD group visit model.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from two 12-month randomized controlled studies involving school-age children with ADHD and their caregivers.
- Collection of feedback through semi-structured interviews and questions at study conclusion (2012-2013 and 2014-2015).
- Audio-recorded sessions were transcribed, and themes were extracted based on participant type (caregivers, children, facilitators).
Main Results:
- 34 caregivers, 41 children, and 9 facilitators provided feedback.
- Caregivers reported enhanced understanding of ADHD, improved child-parent relationships, and valued the peer support aspect.
- Children could articulate learned skills and their application at home and school.
- Facilitators recognized systemic barriers but believed the group format improved family understanding and engagement.
Conclusions:
- The ADHD group visit model demonstrated significant benefits for chronic care management, as reported by families and facilitators.
- Despite implementation challenges, the perceived advantages of the group visit model for ADHD care were substantial.
- The findings support the group visit model as an effective and acceptable approach for ADHD management in pediatric settings.
Objective:
Children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have ongoing needs that impair home and school functioning. Group visit models are a promising way to deliver timely parenting support but family and provider acceptance has not previously been examined. The objective was to describe the acceptability of ADHD group visits in busy pediatric clinics based on caregivers, child participants and facilitators.
Methods:
Data were analyzed from school-age children and caregivers who participated in one of two 12-month long randomized controlled studies of the ADHD group visit model from 2012 to 2013 or 2014 to 2015. Feedback was obtained using semi-structured questions at each study end, by telephone or at the last group visit. Sessions were audio-recorded, transcribed and themes were extracted by participant type.
Results:
A total of 34 caregivers, 41 children and 9 facilitators offered feedback. Caregivers enjoyed the "support group" aspect and learning new things from others. Caregivers reported improved understanding of ADHD and positive changes in the relationship with their child. Children were able to recall specific skills learned including how skills helped at home or school. Facilitators acknowledged systems-level challenges to offering group visits but felt the group format helped increase understanding of families' needs, improved overall care, and provided innovative ways to engage with families.
Conclusion:
The majority of comments from families and facilitators highlighted a variety of benefits of the use of a group visit model for ADHD chronic care. Despite systems-level barriers to implementation, families and facilitators felt the benefits outweighed the challenges.
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