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Transparent Conducting Oxides-An Up-To-Date Overview.

Andreas Stadler1

  • 1University of Salzburg, Hellbrunner Str. 34, Salzburg A-5020, Austria. andreas.stadler@sbg.ac.at.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 18, 2017
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Summary

Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) are key materials for solar cells and displays. This study reviews TCO selection, preparation, and applications, focusing on indium-tin oxide and aluminum-doped zinc oxide for n-type uses.

Keywords:
ITOTCOZnO:Aldelafossiteoxidetransparent conducting oxide

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid State Physics
  • Optoelectronics

Background:

  • Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) are crucial for optoelectronic devices due to their electrical conductivity and optical transparency.
  • TCOs are typically fabricated using thin-film technologies and find applications in solar cells, displays, and electronic interfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of current transparent conducting oxide materials, their selection, and applications.
  • To highlight important n-type TCOs, specifically indium-tin oxide (ITO) and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al), for thin-film solar cell production.
  • To introduce p-type delafossite TCOs as a relevant emerging class of materials.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of information from a modern database system.
  • Discussion of material preparation and characterization techniques for selected TCOs.
  • Overview of application-specific requirements and performance considerations for TCOs.

Main Results:

  • Indium-tin oxide (ITO) and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) are presented as key n-type TCOs with detailed discussion on their properties and preparation.
  • P-type delafossite TCOs are introduced as a significant recent development in the field.
  • References are provided for further in-depth study of specific TCO materials and their applications.

Conclusions:

  • Transparent conducting oxides are essential for modern optoelectronic devices, with ongoing research into material selection and performance optimization.
  • The choice between n-type TCOs like ITO and ZnO:Al depends on specific application requirements, particularly cost and performance in solar cells.
  • Emerging p-type TCOs like delafossites offer new possibilities for complementary applications and device architectures.