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Enzymes Involved in AMPylation and deAMPylation
Amanda K Casey1, Kim Orth1,2
1Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , 6000 Harry Hines Boulevard NA5.120F, Dallas, Texas 75390-9148, United States.
Chemical Reviews
|August 19, 2017
Summary
AMPylation, a protein modification adding adenosine monophosphate (AMP), is emerging as a key regulator of protein function. This review details AMPylating enzymes, their regulation, and impacts on target proteins in bacteria and eukaryotes.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Posttranslational Modifications
Background:
- Proteins undergo covalent changes called posttranslational modifications, altering their function and location.
- AMPylation, the addition of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to proteins, is an emerging posttranslational modification.
- AMPylation is predicted to regulate protein activity, similar to other known modifications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated overview of AMPylating enzymes.
- To review the regulatory mechanisms of AMPylating enzymes.
- To summarize the effects of AMPylation on target proteins.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on AMPylation.
- Analysis of known AMPylating enzymes and their substrates.
- Synthesis of data on the biological roles of AMPylation.
Main Results:
- Identification and categorization of various AMPylating enzymes.
- Elucidation of regulatory pathways controlling AMPylation.
- Summary of diverse functional impacts of AMPylation on proteins.
Conclusions:
- AMPylation is a significant posttranslational modification with broad regulatory potential.
- Further research is needed to fully define the scope of AMPylation in various organisms.
- Understanding AMPylation is crucial for deciphering complex cellular processes.
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