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Related Concept Videos

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:23

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

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The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
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Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

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The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
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Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

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Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

2D and 3D Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Models to Dissect Primary Cilium Involvement during Neocortical Development
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Evidence from Blindness for a Cognitively Pluripotent Cortex.

Marina Bedny1

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Trends in Cognitive Sciences
|August 20, 2017
PubMed
Summary

In blindness, the brain

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neuroplasticity
  • Brain Function

Background:

  • Cognitive neuroscience investigates neural circuit implementation of cognitive functions.
  • Brain plasticity in blindness reveals flexible mind-brain mapping during development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the repurposing of 'visual' cortices in blindness for higher cognitive functions.
  • To propose the concept of cognitive pluripotency in human cortices.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of plasticity studies in individuals with blindness.
  • Examination of 'visual' cortex activity and its synchronization with higher-cognitive networks.

Main Results:

  • In blindness, 'visual' cortices adapt to process language and mathematics.
Keywords:
blindnessdevelopmentlanguageplasticityvisual cortex

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  • Resting-state activity in visual cortex synchronizes with higher-cognitive networks.
  • Evidence suggests cortices are cognitively pluripotent, not rigidly specialized.

    • Conclusions:

    • Human cortices possess cognitive pluripotency, capable of diverse functions.
    • Developmental input, connectivity, and experience shape cortical specialization.
    • The brain's remarkable adaptability challenges traditional views of functional localization.