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School-based physical activity interventions and physical activity enjoyment: A meta-analysis.

Ryan D Burns1, You Fu2, Leslie W Podlog1

  • 1Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Recreation, University of Utah, 250 South 1850 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.

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School-based physical activity interventions effectively increase enjoyment in children and adolescents. However, the effect is small-to-moderate, with significant heterogeneity and publication bias across studies.

Keywords:
AdolescentChildExerciseMeta-analysisSchools

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Exercise Science

Background:

  • Enhancing physical activity enjoyment is crucial for sustained engagement in children and adolescents.
  • School settings offer a unique environment to implement physical activity interventions.
  • Previous research indicates a need to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of such interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically evaluate the impact of school-based physical activity interventions on students' enjoyment.
  • To quantify the overall effect size of these interventions through meta-analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search identified over 200 studies, with 10 selected based on strict inclusion criteria.
  • Random effects meta-analysis using the Hartung-Knapp-Sidak-Jonkman method was performed.
  • Heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using Cochran's Q, I², and Egger's regression model.

Main Results:

  • School-based physical activity interventions demonstrated a statistically significant positive effect on physical activity enjoyment (Standardized Mean Difference = 0.38).
  • Large heterogeneity (I² = 76.6%) and significant publication bias (Egger's test, p=0.039) were observed across the included studies.
  • The pooled effect size was small-to-moderate, indicating variability in intervention effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • School-based physical activity interventions can effectively enhance enjoyment in young people.
  • The findings highlight the need to address heterogeneity and potential publication bias in future research.
  • Further investigation into optimizing intervention strategies is warranted to maximize physical activity enjoyment.