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Related Concept Videos

Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

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Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
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Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach01:25

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The gastric glands contain parietal cells that secrete hydrochloric acid (HCl) for digestion. The cells secrete HCl because it is highly corrosive and essential for breaking down food. To achieve this, they secrete hydrogen and chloride ions into the lumen of the gastric glands, which combine to form HCl.
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Cancer Therapies02:49

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Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Oxygen Therapy for Respiratory Failure01:16

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Oxygen therapy has emerged as a significant tool in enhancing the quality of life for patients suffering from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). While this therapy has principally been studied on patients with significant hypoxemia, this therapeutic approach helps prevent potential organ damage and can be administered in the comfort of one's home.
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Ex Vivo Intestinal Sacs to Assess Mucosal Permeability in Models of Gastrointestinal Disease
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Targeting Hypoxia to Augment Mucosal Barrier Function.

Caleb J Kelly1, Sean P Colgan1

  • 1Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO USA.

Journal of Epithelial Biology & Pharmacology
|August 22, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) activation aids inflammation resolution by regulating epithelial barrier genes. Targeting HIF pathways, like prolyl-hydroxylase (PHD) enzymes, shows promise for promoting mucosal healing in inflammatory diseases.

Keywords:
colitisepitheliahypoxiainflammationtranscription

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular metabolism
  • Molecular biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Inflammation significantly alters tissue metabolism.
  • Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) activation is an adaptive response in murine models of inflammation.
  • Epithelial barrier gene regulation is key to disease resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review signaling pathways involved in hypoxia-associated inflammation.
  • To define how hypoxia signaling augments barrier function in mucosal inflammatory disease.
  • To explore therapeutic potential of targeting HIF pathways for mucosal healing.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vitro and in vivo studies on HIF activation.
  • Analysis of transcriptional regulation of epithelial barrier genes.
  • Examination of prolyl-hydroxylase (PHD) enzyme roles in HIF stabilization.

Main Results:

  • HIF activation promotes resolution of inflammation in various murine models.
  • Transcriptional regulation of non-classical epithelial barrier genes contributes to disease resolution.
  • Hypoxia-associated signaling provides mechanistic insights into barrier function.

Conclusions:

  • Harnessing hypoxia-inducible pathways, including HIF and PHD enzymes, is a promising strategy for mucosal healing.
  • Understanding hypoxia signaling is crucial for augmenting barrier function in inflammatory diseases.
  • Targeting HIF pathways offers a novel therapeutic avenue for inflammatory conditions affecting mucosal barriers.