Colloidal Organolead Halide Perovskite with a High Mn Solubility Limit: A Step Toward Pb-Free Luminescent Quantum...

Organolead halide perovskites have emerged as a promising optoelectronic material for lighting due to its high quantum yield, color-tunable, and narrow emission. Despite their unique properties, toxicity has intensified the search for ecofriendly alternatives through partial or complete replacement of lead. Herein, we report a room-temperature synthesized Mn²⁺-substituted 3D-organolead perovskite displacing ∼90% of lead, simultaneously retaining its unique excitonic emission, with an additional orange emission of Mn²⁺ via energy transfer. A high Mn solubility limit of 90% was attained for the first time in lead halide perovskites, facilitated by the flexible organic cation (CH₃NH₃)⁺ network, preserving the perovskite structure. The emission intensities of the exciton and Mn were influenced by the halide identity that regulates the energy transfer to Mn. Homogeneous emission and electron spin resonance characteristics of Mn²⁺ indicate a uniform distribution of Mn. These results suggest that low-toxicity 3D-CH₃NH₃Pb_1-xMn_xBr_3-(2x+1)Cl_2x+1 nanocrystals may be exploited as magnetically doped quantum dots with unique optoelectronic properties.