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Earthquake sequence simulations with measured properties for JFAST core samples.

Hiroyuki Noda1, Michiyo Sawai2, Bunichiro Shibazaki3

  • 1Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Uji, 611-0002, Japan noda.hiroyuki.7z@kyoto-u.ac.jp.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|August 23, 2017
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Summary

This study models earthquake sequences in the Japan Trench subduction zone using a generalized friction law. Numerical models incorporate experimental friction data, improving understanding of fault behavior and earthquake processes.

Keywords:
2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquakeJFASTearthquake sequence simulationfriction

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Seismology
  • Earth Sciences

Background:

  • The 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake highlighted the need for better understanding of the Japan Trench subduction zone.
  • Previous studies provided insights into fault mechanical properties through experimental data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop numerical models of earthquake sequences consistent with observational and experimental data.
  • To incorporate complex friction behaviors observed in laboratory experiments into numerical models.

Main Methods:

  • Generalized a rate- and state-dependent friction law into a quadratic form based on slip rate.
  • Developed numerical models of earthquake sequences constrained by experimental friction data from the Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project (JFAST).
  • Validated models against observations of long-term and coseismic fault behavior and thermal measurements.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed a plausible numerical model by adjusting a limited number of parameters.
  • The generalized friction law effectively captures complex rate-dependent friction behaviors.
  • Models are consistent with both experimental constraints and geophysical observations.

Conclusions:

  • Experimental data, despite potential scale effects, are valuable for guiding numerical modeling of fault behavior.
  • The developed modeling approach enhances our understanding of earthquake sequences in subduction zones.
  • This study contributes to the understanding of faulting, friction, and weakening processes.