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Related Concept Videos

Dementia01:30

Dementia

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Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
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Neurodegenerative disorders are progressive diseases that cause irreversible damage and loss to neurons in specific brain areas. Examples of these disorders include Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis (MS), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). These disorders share characteristics such as proteinopathies, selective neuronal vulnerability, and a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. The primary therapeutic goal for these conditions is...
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Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

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Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
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Nervous tissue is a vital component of the human body's communication system, enabling us to perceive and respond to stimuli. However, like all other tissues, it is vulnerable to disorders and diseases that can significantly impact our neurological functioning.
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Updated: Feb 24, 2026

A Fine Motor Task to Study Joint Kinematics in a Preclinical Model of Neurodegenerative Disease
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A Fine Motor Task to Study Joint Kinematics in a Preclinical Model of Neurodegenerative Disease

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A physical model for dementia.

O Sotolongo-Costa1, L M Gaggero-Sager2, J T Becker3,4,5

  • 1CInC-(IICBA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.

Physica A
|August 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new physical model describes dementia development due to aging. This model, fitted with Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative data, explains dementia's irreversible progression in the aging brain.

Keywords:
Catastrophe theoryCuspDementiaStochastic process

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biophysics
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Aging is a primary risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia.
  • Dementia represents a complex brain disorder with significant public health implications.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of dementia progression is crucial for developing interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a physical model describing the general behavior of dementia.
  • To explain dementia as a consequence of the aging process.
  • To investigate the irreversibility of dementia.

Main Methods:

  • Obtained a probabilistic model for dementia development.
  • Fitted the model to experimental data from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI).

Main Results:

  • The probabilistic model successfully describes dementia development.
  • The model provides insights into how aging contributes to dementia onset.
  • The study elucidates the irreversible nature of dementia progression.

Conclusions:

  • A physical modeling approach can effectively represent complex brain disorders like dementia.
  • Aging is a key driver in the development of irreversible dementia.
  • The findings contribute to a mechanistic understanding of dementia.