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Imaging gait analysis: An fMRI dual task study.

Céline N Bürki1,2, Stephanie A Bridenbaugh2, Julia Reinhardt1

  • 1Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Department of Radiology University of Basel Hospital and University of Basel Basel Switzerland.

Brain and Behavior
|August 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed an fMRI method to analyze cognitive-motor dual tasking during gait, revealing the superior parietal lobe (SPL) is key for divided attention in older adults.

Keywords:
cognitive agingcognitive‐motor dual taskingfall riskgeriatric clinical diagnosticssuperior parietal lobe

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Gait analysis with cognitive-motor dual tasking is vital for predicting fall risk and cognitive decline in older adults.
  • The neural mechanisms underlying cognitive-motor dual tasking remain poorly understood.
  • Existing methods lack the ability to investigate these neural correlates during gait-related tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm to simulate gait analysis with cognitive-motor dual tasking.
  • To investigate the neural correlates associated with cognitive-motor dual tasking in healthy older adults.
  • To identify brain regions crucial for divided attention during combined cognitive and motor tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Developed an fMRI-compatible stepping device to mimic gait within the MRI scanner.
  • Assessed 31 healthy older adults, measuring gait parameters using the GAITRite© electronic walkway and fMRI.
  • Participants performed cognitive, motor, and cognitive-motor dual tasks under single and dual-task conditions.

Main Results:

  • Behavioral data from the fMRI paradigm correlated significantly with traditional GAITRite© gait analysis.
  • fMRI revealed reduced overall brain activation during dual-task conditions compared to single-task conditions.
  • The superior parietal lobe (SPL) showed less activation decrease from single to dual tasks and increased activation in individuals with lower stepping speed and executive control.

Conclusions:

  • The developed fMRI paradigm successfully simulates gait analysis and yields valid results comparable to traditional methods.
  • The superior parietal lobe (SPL) plays a critical role in cognitive-motor dual tasking, particularly in divided attention processes involving motor activity.
  • This research provides insights into the neural basis of dual-tasking deficits in aging and informs potential interventions for fall prevention and cognitive health.