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Pattern separation performance is decreased in patients with early multiple sclerosis.

Vincent Planche1,2,3, Aurélie Ruet1,2,4, Julie Charré-Morin4

  • 1University of Bordeaux Bordeaux France.

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|August 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Patients with early multiple sclerosis (MS) show impaired pattern separation, a memory function linked to the dentate gyrus. This finding suggests early brain changes in MS affecting specific memory abilities.

Keywords:
dentate gyrusepisodic memoryhippocampusmultiple sclerosispattern separation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Episodic memory impairment is common in early multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • The dentate gyrus, crucial for memory, may be vulnerable in early MS.
  • Mechanisms of episodic memory dysfunction in MS are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate pattern separation deficits in patients with early MS.
  • To determine if pattern separation impairment reflects early dentate gyrus dysfunction in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-eight participants (19 patients with early MS and 19 healthy controls) were recruited.
  • Participants underwent a behavioral pattern separation task.
  • Information processing speed and visuospatial episodic memory were also assessed.

Main Results:

  • Patients with early MS exhibited significantly reduced pattern separation performance compared to controls.
  • Patients with early MS showed a higher pattern completion rate.
  • No significant differences were found in information processing speed or global visuospatial episodic memory.

Conclusions:

  • Behavioral pattern separation tasks can identify subtle memory decline in early MS.
  • Results support the hypothesis of early dentate gyrus dysfunction in multiple sclerosis.