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Related Concept Videos

Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs01:15

Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs

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Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
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Microbiome succession during ammonification in eelgrass bed sediments.

Cassandra L Ettinger1, Susan L Williams2,3, Jessica M Abbott2

  • 1Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, United States of America.

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|August 23, 2017
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Summary

Eelgrass sediment microbial communities showed successional changes driven by sulfur metabolism, not ammonification rates. Eelgrass genetic diversity did not impact these microbial communities in bulk sediment samples.

Keywords:
AmmonificationDecompositionEelgrassMicrobiomeSeagrassSuccessionSulfur cyclingZostera marina

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Ecology
  • Microbial Ecology
  • Coastal Ecosystems

Background:

  • Eelgrass (Zostera marina) is a vital foundation species in coastal ecosystems, supporting primary production and nutrient cycling.
  • Microbial communities in eelgrass sediments are crucial for ecosystem functions but their specific roles, like ammonification, are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize microbial community dynamics in eelgrass sediments during ammonification.
  • To investigate the relationship between eelgrass genotypic richness and sediment microbial communities.
  • To quantify ammonification rates in manipulated eelgrass plots.

Main Methods:

  • Collected sediment from 72 eelgrass plots with manipulated genotypic richness and relatedness.
  • Incubated sediment samples under anaerobic conditions to measure ammonification rates over 19 days.
  • Analyzed microbial community composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing at multiple time points.

Main Results:

  • Sediment microbial diversity decreased over time, with significant shifts in community composition.
  • Changes in microbial taxa were linked to sulfur cycling, with decreases in sulfate reducers and increases in sulfide oxidizers.
  • No correlation was found between ammonification rates and microbial community structure or eelgrass genetic composition.

Conclusions:

  • Sediment microbial succession in eelgrass beds is primarily driven by sulfur metabolism, overriding ammonification-related changes.
  • Eelgrass genetic diversity did not influence the bulk sediment microbiome, suggesting limited plant impact on spatially distant microbes.
  • Further research is needed to understand the functional implications of eelgrass-microbe interactions for ecosystem processes.