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Use of Primary Cultured Hippocampal Neurons to Study the Assembly of Axon Initial Segments
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Neurons with Multiple Axons Have Functional Axon Initial Segments.

Yu Guo1, Zhuo Liu1,2, Yi-Kun Chen1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 100871, China.

Neuroscience Bulletin
|August 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitors induce multiple, electrically active axon initial segments (AISs) in neurons. These novel AISs fire rapidly, enhancing neuronal depolarization rates.

Keywords:
Ankyrin GAxonAxon initial segmentElectrophysiologyGSK-3Immunofluorescence

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Neurons typically possess a single axon, crucial for transmitting electrical signals.
  • The electrical activity of multiple axons induced by GSK-3 inhibition remains uncharacterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the electrophysiological properties of multiple axons in neurons treated with GSK-3 inhibitors.
  • To determine if induced multiple axon initial segments (AISs) are electrically active and contribute to neuronal firing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized pharmacological treatments with SB415286 to inhibit GSK-3.
  • Employed immunofluorescence and electrophysiological recordings to analyze neuronal structure and function.
  • Calculated derivatives of action potential rising phases to identify contributions from multiple AISs.

Main Results:

  • GSK-3 inhibition led to an increased incidence of neurons with multiple AISs.
  • These multiple AISs were found to be enriched with voltage-gated sodium channels.
  • Analysis revealed that extra AISs fired preferentially, increasing the rate of neuronal depolarization.

Conclusions:

  • Multiple axons induced by GSK-3 inhibition possess electrically active AIS structures.
  • These findings provide novel insights into axon formation and AIS function in neuronal signaling.