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Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Stem Cells.

Zixin Chen1,2, Yongjun Li1,3, Hong Yu4

  • 1Vascular Biology Center, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, 1459 Laney Walker Blvd, CB3303A, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|August 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSC) and their extracellular vesicles (EV) enhance survival in ischemic tissues. IPSC-derived EV effectively protect heart cells from damage after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Keywords:
Extracellular vesiclesInduced pluripotent stem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Cardiovascular research
  • Extracellular vesicle biology

Background:

  • Transplanted induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSC) and embryonic stem cells (ESC) improve survival in ischemic tissues through paracrine effects.
  • Stem cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EV) that mediate intercellular signaling via noncoding RNA.
  • EVs are increasingly recognized as key mediators of stem cell therapeutic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic potential of IPSC-derived extracellular vesicles (IPSC-EV) in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury.
  • To establish a feasible protocol for purifying EV from cultured IPSC.
  • To evaluate the protective effects of IPSC-EV on cardiomyocytes in an MI/R mouse model.

Main Methods:

  • Culture of induced pluripotent stem cells (IPSC).
  • Isolation and purification of extracellular vesicles (EV) from IPSC.
  • Induction of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury in a mouse model.
  • Administration of IPSC-derived EV (IPSC-EV) to MI/R mice.
  • Assessment of cardiomyocyte survival and apoptosis.

Main Results:

  • IPSC-EV transplantation significantly enhanced survival of cardiomyocytes in the MI/R mouse model.
  • IPSC-EV treatment effectively reduced apoptosis in the ischemic myocardium.
  • A feasible protocol for purifying IPSC-EV was successfully established.

Conclusions:

  • IPSC-derived extracellular vesicles (IPSC-EV) possess potent cardioprotective properties against ischemia-reperfusion injury.
  • IPSC-EV represent a promising cell-free therapeutic strategy for cardiovascular diseases.
  • The described protocol facilitates the production of therapeutic-grade IPSC-EV for further preclinical and clinical studies.