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Actions of sulfasalazine and 5-aminosalicylic acid as reactive oxygen scavengers in the suppression of bile
Gastroenterology
|June 1, 1987
Summary
Sulfasalazine and its metabolite 5-aminosalicylic acid protect the colon by reducing cell damage and proliferation. They counteract reactive oxygen species, suggesting a key role in treating inflammatory bowel disease.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Pharmacology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Ulcerative colitis involves mucosal injury, and sulfasalazine's mechanism is unclear.
- Sodium deoxycholate induces colonic epithelial cell loss and increased proliferation in a rat model.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective mechanism of sulfasalazine against colonic mucosal injury.
- To determine the role of reactive oxygen species in sulfasalazine's therapeutic action.
Main Methods:
- Rats received intracolonic sodium deoxycholate to induce injury.
- Effects of sulfasalazine, 5-aminosalicylic acid, and sulfapyridine on DNA loss, ornithine decarboxylase, and thymidine incorporation were measured.
- In vitro reactive oxygen formation was assessed using colonic mucosal scrapings.
Main Results:
- Sulfasalazine and 5-aminosalicylic acid reduced DNA loss and increased proliferation induced by sodium deoxycholate.
- Both compounds also inhibited xanthine-xanthine oxidase-induced responses.
- Sodium deoxycholate increased reactive oxygen species, an effect blocked by sulfasalazine and 5-aminosalicylic acid, but not sulfapyridine.
Conclusions:
- Sulfasalazine and its active metabolite 5-aminosalicylic acid protect against colonic mucosal injury.
- Their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species is a likely mechanism for their therapeutic effects in inflammatory bowel disease.
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