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Dermoscopy of borderline tuberculoid leprosy
Balachandra S Ankad1, Punit S Sakhare1
1Department of Dermatology, S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.
International Journal of Dermatology
|August 24, 2017
Summary
Dermoscopy reveals characteristic patterns in borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy, a common form of Mycobacterium leprae infection. This study details new dermoscopic observations, aiding in BT leprosy diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Infectious Diseases
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae.
- Borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy is the most common type, presenting with ill-defined hypopigmented patches and atypical features.
- Dermoscopy is established for granulomatous conditions, but its application to BT leprosy was previously undescribed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the dermoscopic patterns observed in borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy.
- To establish characteristic dermoscopic findings for BT leprosy.
- To assess the diagnostic utility of dermoscopy in BT leprosy.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 12 patients diagnosed with BT leprosy (8 male, 4 female; median age 25 years).
- Dermoscopic examination was performed on all patients.
- Analysis of observed dermoscopic features including white areas, hair density, yellow globules, white dots, and vascular patterns.
Main Results:
- White areas were universally observed (100%) in BT leprosy patients.
- Decreased hair density was a frequent finding.
- Other observed patterns included yellow globules (66.66%), decreased white dots (50%), and branching vessels (33.33%).
Conclusions:
- This study presents the first description of dermoscopic findings in BT leprosy.
- Characteristic dermoscopic patterns were identified, offering valuable diagnostic insights.
- Dermoscopy can serve as a useful non-invasive tool for diagnosing BT leprosy.
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