The myocardium in ankylosing spondylitis. A clinical, echocardiographic, and histopathological study

Cardiac function was investigated in men with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) age 21-65 years who had no cardiorespiratory symptoms or known abnormalities of heart or lungs. Chest radiographs and standard electrocardiograms were normal in 73 of 74 subjects. In echocardiographs of 30 men, left atrial size and left ventricular cavity size and wall thickness were normal. Minor abnormalities in the valve roots were present in 3 older men. Early diastolic abnormalities of the left ventricle were demonstrated in 16 of 30 subjects. This finding was confirmed by repetition of the echocardiography a year later in 15 subjects and by comparison of 11 probands with their healthy brothers. Myocardial tissue obtained at necropsy from 28 AS patients without ischaemic or valvular heart disease or hypertension was studied. A mild, diffuse increase of interstitial connective tissue was seen but there was no inflammatory change or amyloid. Computerised image analysis showed 30.7% interstitial reticulin compared with 17.7% in age/sex matched controls (p less than 0.0001).