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Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show similar on-line co-reference processing efficiency as typically developing individuals. Differences in reading comprehension may stem from other factors, not the speed of linking words.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often exhibit reading comprehension challenges.
  • Previous research suggests potential difficulties in forming word connections (co-reference processing) may contribute to these challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if differences in co-reference processing efficiency underlie reading comprehension deficits in ASD.
  • To examine on-line inferential work during reading in individuals with ASD compared to typically developing (TD) controls.

Main Methods:

  • An eye-movement and reading paradigm was employed.
  • Participants read sentences with typical or atypical exemplars preceding a category noun.
  • Gaze durations on the category noun were analyzed to assess processing time.

Main Results:

  • Both ASD and TD groups showed longer gaze durations on category nouns when preceded by atypical exemplars, indicating sensitivity to typicality.
  • No significant group differences were found in target processing efficiency for co-reference links.
  • Increased re-reading was observed in the ASD group compared to the TD group.

Conclusions:

  • Readers with ASD demonstrate comparable on-line efficiency in computing anaphoric links during reading.
  • The findings suggest that differences in co-reference processing speed are unlikely to be the primary cause of reading comprehension difficulties in ASD.
  • Verbal language proficiency emerged as a predictor of general reading and inferential skills across both groups.