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Global prevalence of alcohol use and binge drinking during pregnancy, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Svetlana Popova1,2,3,4, Shannon Lange1,4, Charlotte Probst1,5
1a Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, ON M5S 2S1, Canada.
Abstract:
Alcohol use during pregnancy is an established cause of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), with heavy drinking during pregnancy being explicitly linked to fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). This paper presents recent estimates of the prevalence of: (i) any amount of alcohol use during pregnancy; (ii) one or more binge drinking episode(s) (4 or more standard drinks on a single occasion) during pregnancy; (iii) FAS; and (iv) FASD among the general population globally and by World Health Organization region. It is apparent, based on the presented estimates, that alcohol use and binge drinking occur frequently among pregnant women in many countries and as a result, FASD is a prevalent alcohol-related developmental disability. Urgent action is required around the globe to eliminate prenatal alcohol exposure and prevent future children, adolescents, and adults from having FASD.
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