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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
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The Impact of Face Inversion on Animacy Categorization.

Benjamin Balas1, Amanda E van Lamsweerde1, Amanda Auen1

  • 1Department of Psychology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.

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Summary

Face inversion minimally impacts how we categorize real versus doll faces. Neural processing of faces also shows similar effects of inversion for both real and artificial faces.

Keywords:
ERPsanimacycategorical perceptionexpertiseface recognition

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Perception

Background:

  • Face perception is categorical, with distinct neural and behavioral responses to real versus artificial faces.
  • Artificial faces are treated as an 'out-group,' showing reduced expert processing markers compared to real faces.
  • The face inversion effect is a key indicator of expert face processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how face inversion affects the categorical perception of real versus doll faces.
  • To examine the impact of face animacy and inversion on neural markers like the N170.
  • To determine if inversion alters the behavioral category boundary between real and doll faces.

Main Methods:

  • Behavioral experiments measuring explicit categorization of real/doll face morphs.
  • Electrophysiological recordings (N170 component) to assess neural responses.
  • Comparison of inversion effects across real and doll faces.

Main Results:

  • Face inversion did not alter the behavioral category boundary for real versus doll faces.
  • Neural processing markers (N170) were similarly affected by inversion for both real and doll faces.
  • The categorical perception of face animacy was minimally impacted by face inversion.

Conclusions:

  • Face inversion has a limited effect on the categorical perception of face animacy.
  • Neural mechanisms underlying face processing are robust to inversion, irrespective of face animacy.
  • Categorical perception of faces is largely preserved despite inversion, even for artificial stimuli.