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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
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Few compounds act as strong acids. A far greater number of compounds behave as weak acids and only partially react with water, leaving a large majority of dissolved molecules in their original form and generating a relatively small amount of hydronium ions. Weak acids are commonly encountered in nature, being the substances partly responsible for the tangy taste of citrus fruits, the stinging sensation of insect bites, and the unpleasant smells associated with body odor. A familiar example of a...
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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Acceptor-type hydroxide graphite intercalation compounds electrochemically formed in high ionic strength solutions.

Kohei Miyazaki1, Asuka Iizuka, Koji Mikata

  • 1Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan. myzkohei@elech.kuic.kyoto-u.ac.jp.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|August 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hydroxide ions intercalated graphite to form graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) in alkaline solutions and molten salts. These compounds featured solvated hydroxide anions or only hydroxide anions, synthesized electrochemically.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry

Background:

  • Graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) are formed by inserting guest species into graphite layers.
  • Understanding ion intercalation is crucial for developing new materials and electrochemical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the electrochemical synthesis of graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) with hydroxide ions (OH-).
  • To characterize GICs formed in different alkaline environments.

Main Methods:

  • Electrochemical synthesis was employed to intercalate hydroxide ions into graphite.
  • Two distinct conditions were used: alkaline aqueous solutions and molten NaOH-KOH salt solutions.

Main Results:

  • Graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) were successfully synthesized by intercalating hydroxide ions (OH-).
  • In alkaline aqueous solutions, GICs contained solvated OH- anions with two water molecules (OH-·2H2O).
  • In molten NaOH-KOH salt, GICs comprised only OH- anions.

Conclusions:

  • Electrochemical synthesis is an effective method for creating hydroxide-based GICs.
  • The solvation state of hydroxide ions influences the structure of the resulting GICs.
  • This work expands the scope of GIC synthesis for potential applications in energy storage and catalysis.