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Canagliflozin prevents scopolamine-induced memory impairment in rats: Comparison with galantamine hydrobromide action

Nadia M S Arafa1, Elham H A Ali2, Mohamed Kamel Hassan3

  • 1Faculty of Science, Biology Department, Jazan University, KSA & National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Department of Physiology, Egypt.

Chemico-Biological Interactions
|August 25, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Canagliflozin (CAN), an SGLT2 inhibitor, improved memory in rats with scopolamine-induced dysfunction. It normalized cholinergic and monoamine systems, suggesting potential cognitive benefits beyond glycemic control.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, like canagliflozin (CAN), are primarily used for type 2 diabetes.
  • The cholinergic system's role in memory is well-established, and SGLT2 inhibitors may influence it.
  • Limited research exists on the cognitive effects of SGLT2 inhibitors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of canagliflozin (CAN) on scopolamine hydrobromide (SCO)-induced memory impairment in rats.
  • To compare the efficacy of CAN with galantamine (GAL), a known cognitive enhancer, in a rat model.

Main Methods:

  • Adult rats were divided into six groups: control, CAN, GAL, SCO, SCO + CAN, and SCO + GAL.
  • Memory function was assessed using the Y-maze and water maze tasks.
  • Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, monoamine levels, and M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1 mAChR) expression were measured.

Main Results:

  • Canagliflozin treatment led to a significant decrease in body weight compared to controls.
  • Both CAN and GAL treatments improved memory performance in SCO-induced rats, evidenced by increased Y-maze arm entries and correct alternations, and better water maze task performance.
  • CAN and GAL significantly reduced AChE activity and increased monoamine levels compared to the SCO group.
  • M1 mAChR levels were also modulated by CAN and GAL in the SCO-treated rats.

Conclusions:

  • Canagliflozin may ameliorate scopolamine-induced memory dysfunction in rats.
  • The potential cognitive-enhancing effects of CAN appear to be mediated through modulation of the cholinergic and monoamine systems.
  • These findings suggest a potential role for canagliflozin in cognitive function beyond its glucose-lowering effects.
Keywords:
AChECanagliflozinM1 mAChRMonoaminesScopolamine

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