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Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2rγnull (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies

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Humanized mouse models for Epstein Barr virus infection.

Christian Münz¹

¹Viral Immunobiology, Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zürich, Switzerland.

Current Opinion in Virology

|August 25, 2017

Summary

The human immune system must control Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) due to its widespread infection and cancer-causing potential. Mice with human immune systems offer a vital model for studying EBV, its associated lymphomas, and immune defenses.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Virology
Oncology

Background:

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common human gamma-herpesvirus with over 90% of the population infected by adulthood.
EBV has potent growth-transforming properties, capable of immortalizing human B cells and leading to lymphoma formation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the utility of human immune system-reconstituted mice as an in vivo model for studying EBV infection.
To discuss the insights gained from these models regarding EBV-driven lymphoma and immune control mechanisms.

Main Methods:

Utilizing mice with reconstituted human immune system components to model EBV infection in vivo.
Investigating EBV infection programs in human B cells within the mouse model.
Analyzing cytotoxic lymphocyte responses crucial for controlling EBV in humans.

Main Results:

These mouse models recapitulate key aspects of EBV infection, including B cell immortalization and lymphoma development.
The models allow for the interrogation of human immune responses against EBV, particularly cytotoxic lymphocyte activity.
Studies in these models have provided valuable lessons on EBV pathogenesis and immune surveillance.

Conclusions:

Humanized mice are an informative model for studying EBV infection, lymphomagenesis, and immune control.
Future research should address the full spectrum of EBV-associated diseases.
EBV-specific immunotherapies hold promise for preventing EBV-related diseases.