Electroencephalogram dynamics in children during different levels of anaesthetic depth
S Koch1, A M Stegherr1, R Mörgeli1
1Department of Anaesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany.
Insights
Electroencephalogram (EEG) dynamics in children during anesthesia primarily depend on anesthetic depth, not age. Specific EEG parameters like beta band power, delta band power, and spectral edge frequency can identify anesthesia levels in pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Anesthesiology
- Neurophysiology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Anesthesia-induced electroencephalogram (EEG) dynamics vary with age and anesthetic level.
- Characterizing these changes in children is crucial but incomplete.
- Understanding pediatric EEG patterns during anesthesia aids in optimizing patient care and safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the relationship between EEG dynamics, age, and anesthetic depth in children.
- To identify specific EEG parameters that characterize different levels of anesthesia in pediatric patients.
- To determine the influence of age on EEG changes during clinical anesthesia in children.
Main Methods:
- Collected frontal EEG recordings from 93 children aged 0-19 years during routine clinical anesthesia.
- Selected EEG segments corresponding to four distinct anesthetic levels: emergence, light, deep, and very deep anesthesia.
- Analyzed EEG power spectrum, including total power and relative band power (delta, beta), and spectral edge frequency.
Main Results:
- Anesthetic depth significantly influenced relative delta band power (increasing with depth), relative beta band power, and spectral edge frequency (decreasing with depth) in all children.
- Age-dependent changes were observed in total power at deep and very deep anesthesia, and in relative beta band power at light anesthesia.
- Specific EEG parameters, namely relative beta band power, relative delta band power, and spectral edge frequency, showed linear relationships with anesthetic depth.
Conclusions:
- EEG parameters in children are predominantly determined by anesthetic depth, with linear relationships observed for beta band power, delta band power, and spectral edge frequency.
- Age-dependency of EEG parameters during anesthesia was limited to specific instances and parameters.
- Relative beta band power, relative delta band power, and spectral edge frequency can reliably differentiate anesthesia levels in children, irrespective of their age.
Objective:
Anaesthesia-induced dynamics in EEG are dependent on age and level of anaesthesia, but distinct characterisation in children is incomplete. Here we analyse EEG dynamics in children related to age and level of anaesthesia.
Methods:
Frontal EEG recordings were obtained from 93 children (0-19years) during routine clinical anaesthesia. EEG segments were selected at four different levels of anaesthesia: emergence, light anaesthesia, deep anaesthesia, and very deep anaesthesia.
Results:
Total power differed significantly over age at deep (R2=0.314; p<0.0001) and very deep anaesthesia (R2=0.403; p<0.0001). Relative beta band power at light anaesthesia increased linearly with age (R2=0.239; p<0.0001). Level of anaesthesia caused significant differences for relative delta band power (increasing with anaesthetic depth), for relative beta band power and for spectral edge frequency (decreasing with anaesthetic depth) for all children (p<0.0001).
Conclusions:
EEG parameterin children were primary dependent on anaesthetic depth, where beta band power, delta band power and spectral edge frequency showed a linear relation. Age-dependency during anaesthesia procedure were only seen for single EEG parameters.
Significance:
Different levels of anaesthesia can be identified by relative beta band power, relative delta band power and spectral edge frequency irrespective of the children's age.
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