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Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Quantification of Metal Leaching in Immobilized Metal Affinity Chromatography
Published on: January 17, 2020
Quantification of Hexavalent Chromium in Surface Water Samples by a Selective Electrochemical Method
Jameel Ahmed Baig1, Ashfaque Ali Bhutto1, Siraj Uddin1
1University of Sindh, Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
Abstract:
The current study aimed to develop a robust, selective, and sensitive voltammetric method for hexavalent chromium (CrVI) at a chemically modified carbon paste electrode. For the preparation of the electrode, a micropipet tip was packed with modified carbon paste mainly consisting of graphite powder and diphenylcarbazone (5 + 1, w/w). Voltammetric mode, type of electrolyte, pH, volume of electrolytes, accumulation time, accumulation potential, and stirring rate were studied in detail. The current response was linearly dependent on the concentration of CrVI from 0.20 to 2.60 µmol/L. The reproducible results were obtained for replicate analyses (n = 11) of three proposed electrodes of the same composition with RSDs of <2.0%. The LODs and LOQs were found to be 0.052 and 0.174 µmol/L, respectively. The noticeable electrode surface passivation was not observed for the detection of CrVI. The proposed methods were successfully applied for CrVI in different surface waters in Sindh, Pakistan.
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