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Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease
Published on: April 4, 2018
A Comprehensive Functional Assessment of Carboxylesterase 1 Nonsynonymous Polymorphisms
Xinwen Wang1, Nada Rida1, Jian Shi1
1Department of Clinical Pharmacy (X.W., N.R., J.S., H.-J.Z.) and Cardiovascular Center (A.H.W.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; and Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administrative Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico (B.E.B.).
Genetic variations in Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) significantly impact drug metabolism. This study identified several CES1 nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) that impair enzyme activity, potentially affecting therapeutic outcomes for patients on CES1-metabolized drugs.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacogenomics
- Enzyme kinetics
- Drug metabolism
Background:
- Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) is a key enzyme in metabolizing numerous medications.
- Individual differences in CES1 activity are substantial and largely due to genetic factors.
- Understanding CES1 genetic variations is crucial for personalized medicine.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively analyze the functional impact of CES1 nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) and haplotypes.
- To identify specific CES1 variants affecting enzyme activity and expression.
- To evaluate the potential of CES1 nsSNPs as biomarkers for drug response.
Main Methods:
- Transfected cell lines and human liver tissues were used to assess CES1 variant function.
- Candidate nsSNPs with minor allele frequency >0.5% or near the active site were selected.
- Enzyme activity assays and protein/mRNA expression level analyses were performed.
- Functional evaluation of common CES1 haplotypes was conducted.
Main Results:
- Five nsSNPs (L40Ter, G142E, G147C, Y170D, R171C) were identified as loss-of-function variants for CES1 substrates like clopidogrel, enalapril, and sacubitril.
- Additional nsSNPs (A158V, R199H, E220G, T290M) showed substrate-dependent reductions in CES1 activity.
- Several nsSNPs significantly decreased CES1 protein and/or mRNA expression.
- Common CES1 haplotypes (D203E-A269S and S75N-D203E-A269S) did not affect CES1 expression or activity.
Conclusions:
- This study identified several functional CES1 nsSNPs that impair the metabolism of CES1 substrate drugs.
- These nsSNPs demonstrate potential as predictive biomarkers for therapeutic outcomes.
- Further clinical investigations are warranted to validate the utility of these CES1 nsSNPs in clinical practice.
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