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Related Concept Videos

Bone Markings01:26

Bone Markings

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Bones have various surface features that help form joints and attach to other soft tissues. Depending on the function, bone markings are categorized into articulating projections, processes for attachment, depressions, and openings.
Articulating Projections
Articulating projections are found where two bones meet to form a joint. These structures are usually found at the ends of bones. The largest articulation is a rounded projection called the head, supported by a narrow neck at the ends of...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

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Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
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Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes01:28

Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes

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A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening into the trachea, typically at the second or third cartilaginous ring level. This opening allows the insertion of a tracheostomy tube, which can replace an endotracheal tube, provide mechanical ventilation, bypass an upper airway obstruction, or remove accumulated tracheobronchial secretions.
Tracheostomy tubes can be made of semiflexible plastic (polyurethane or silicone), rigid plastic, or metal, and they come in...
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Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

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An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
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Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints01:03

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

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Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...
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Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

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Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula
06:12

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula

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Mind the fistula.

Dean Burns1, Dhakshinamoorthy Vijayasankar1

  • 1Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK.

Frontline Gastroenterology
|August 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) with aorto-oesophageal fistula is a rare cause of severe bleeding. This case highlights a previously healthy man who presented with syncope and hematemesis, leading to emergency intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is a life-threatening condition.
  • Aorto-oesophageal fistula formation is a rare and often fatal complication of TAD.
  • Haematemesis can be the primary presenting symptom.

Observation:

  • A previously healthy 63-year-old man presented with syncope and significant haematemesis.
  • Initial chest X-ray showed a widened mediastinum.
  • CT angiography revealed a large thoracic aortic aneurysm with extensive dissection and an aorto-oesophageal fistula.

Findings:

  • The dissection extended from the aortic arch to the left iliac artery.
  • A fistula was identified in the proximal oesophagus, connecting the aorta and oesophagus.

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A Novel Murine Model of Arteriovenous Fistula Failure: The Surgical Procedure in Detail
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Technical Aspects of the Mouse Aortocaval Fistula
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Creating Radio-cephalic Arteriovenous Fistula in the Forearm with a Modified No-Touch Technique
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A Novel Murine Model of Arteriovenous Fistula Failure: The Surgical Procedure in Detail
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  • The patient required resuscitation and intubation due to massive haematemesis.

    • Implications:

    • This case underscores the importance of prompt diagnosis and management of TAD, especially with unusual presentations.
    • Early recognition of aorto-oesophageal fistula is critical for patient survival.
    • Multidisciplinary care involving vascular surgery and gastroenterology is essential for complex aortic pathologies.