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Related Concept Videos

Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Types of RNA01:23

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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RNA Interference01:23

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Related Experiment Video

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Identification of RNAs Engaged in Direct RNA-RNA Interaction with a Long Non-Coding RNA
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Identification of RNAs Engaged in Direct RNA-RNA Interaction with a Long Non-Coding RNA

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Interaction and cross-talk between non-coding RNAs.

Soichiro Yamamura1,2, Mitsuho Imai-Sumida3,4, Yuichiro Tanaka3,4

  • 1Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. soichiro.yamamura@ucsf.edu.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|August 26, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulate gene expression through complex interactions. This review explores how long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and other small RNAs form intricate networks to control cellular functions.

Keywords:
Circular RNACompeting endogenous RNAInteractionLong non-coding RNAMicroRNAPIWI-interacting RNAsSmall nucleolar RNA

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression and cellular processes.
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) function as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), interacting with microRNAs (miRNAs).
  • These interactions influence gene regulation through mechanisms like targeted decay and precursor processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the complex interactions and cross-talk among various non-coding RNAs.
  • To elucidate the role of ncRNAs in co-regulating gene expression.
  • To highlight the intricate regulatory networks formed by lncRNAs, miRNAs, snoRNAs, and piRNAs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on ncRNA interactions.
  • Analysis of regulatory mechanisms involving lncRNAs, miRNAs, snoRNAs, and piRNAs.
  • Discussion of experimental evidence for ncRNA-mediated gene regulation.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs and miRNAs engage in intricate regulatory feedback loops.
  • Certain lncRNAs serve as precursors for miRNAs and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs).
  • snoRNAs can also act as precursors for PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), further diversifying gene regulation.

Conclusions:

  • ncRNA interactions form complex networks that significantly impact gene expression.
  • Understanding these interactions is key to deciphering cellular regulatory mechanisms.
  • This review provides a comprehensive overview of ncRNA cross-talk and its role in gene regulation.