Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Exceptions to the Octet Rule

Exceptions to the Octet Rule

Many covalent molecules have central atoms that do not have eight electrons in their Lewis structures. These molecules fall into three categories:

Electronic Structure of Atoms

Electronic Structure of Atoms

An atom comprises protons and neutrons, which are contained inside the dense, central core called the nucleus, with electrons present around the nucleus. Taking into account the wave–particle duality of electrons and the uncertainty in position around the nucleus, quantum mechanics provides a more accurate model for the atomic structure. It describes atomic orbitals as the regions around the nucleus where electrons of discrete energy exist, characterized by four quantum...

Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions

Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions

To draw Lewis structures for complicated molecules and molecular ions, it is helpful to follow a step-by-step procedure as outlined:

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes

In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.

Molecular Orbital Theory II

Molecular Orbital Theory II

Molecular Orbital Energy Diagrams

Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration

Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration

A significant aspect of hydroboration–oxidation is the regio- and stereochemical outcome of the reaction.
Hydroboration proceeds in a concerted fashion with the attack of borane on the π bond, giving a cyclic four-centered transition state. The –BH2 group is bonded to the less substituted carbon and –H to the more substituted carbon. The concerted nature requires the simultaneous addition of –H and –BH2 across the same face of the alkene giving syn stereochemistry.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Revealing the Atomic Structure of Blue Phosphorus Phases on Au(111) with Noncontact Atomic Force Microscopy.

ACS nano·2026

Same author

Inverse Design of Anthraquinone-Mimicking COFs via Electronic Fingerprints for Sacrificial-Agent-Free Photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> Production under Visible Light.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same author

Theoretical Perspectives of Precision Chemistry.

Precision chemistry·2026

Same author

KSSOLV Toolbox: A MATLAB Graphical User Interface for Plane-Wave Density Functional Theory Calculations.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2026

Same author

Integrating quantum neural networks with the variational quantum eigensolver to calculate nonadiabatic coupling vectors.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026

Same author

Is Iodine Interstitial a Recombination Center in FAPbI<sub>3</sub>? Effects of Temperature Revisited.

Precision chemistry·2026

Same journal

Revisiting, Understanding, and Tailoring the Evolution in the Nature of Phase Transitions in Rare-Earth RE<sub>2</sub>In Alloys.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

Same journal

Room-Temperature Quasi-CW Random Lasing in a Tin-Perovskite Ultrathin Film.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

Same journal

Emerging Electride Behavior and Metallization in Molecular Hydrogen under High Pressure.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

Same journal

Surface Electrochemistry of Au(111) in Acetonitrile Based Electrolytes: Formation of a Solvent Related Adsorbed Layer.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

Same journal

Asymmetric Hydration Shell Reveals Interfacial TFSI Organization in Imidazolium Ionic Liquid Films.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

Same journal

Turning 3D Molecular Crystals into 2D Moiré Superlattices with Properties Born Out of Bonding at the Angularly Stacked Interfaces.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Writing and Low-Temperature Characterization of Oxide Nanostructures

Writing and Low-Temperature Characterization of Oxide Nanostructures

Published on: July 18, 2014

Two-Dimensional Stoichiometric Boron Oxides as a Versatile Platform for Electronic Structure Engineering.

Ruiqi Zhang¹, Zhenyu Li¹, Jinlong Yang¹

¹Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters

|August 26, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored two-dimensional boron oxide (BO) structures, discovering stable motifs and unique electronic properties. Tuning oxidation levels offers a versatile platform for advanced electronic applications.

More Related Videos

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations

Published on: October 12, 2019

Growth and Electrostatic/chemical Properties of Metal/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures

Growth and Electrostatic/chemical Properties of Metal/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures

Published on: February 8, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Writing and Low-Temperature Characterization of Oxide Nanostructures

Writing and Low-Temperature Characterization of Oxide Nanostructures

Published on: July 18, 2014

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations

Probe Type II Band Alignment in One-Dimensional Van Der Waals Heterostructures Using First-Principles Calculations

Published on: October 12, 2019

Growth and Electrostatic/chemical Properties of Metal/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures

Growth and Electrostatic/chemical Properties of Metal/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Heterostructures

Published on: February 8, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Two-dimensional (2D) atomic crystals and their oxides exhibit unique properties.
Controlling oxidation in 2D oxides is challenging due to oxygen's functional role.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore stoichiometric 2D boron oxide (BO) structures with controlled oxidation.
To investigate the structural and electronic properties of these novel 2D BO systems.

Main Methods:

Utilized first-principles global optimization to systematically explore 2D BO structures.
Analyzed structural motifs and predicted electronic properties.

Main Results:

Identified stable B-O-B and OB3 tetrahedron motifs in 2D BO.
Predicted strong linear dichroism, Dirac node-line (DNL) semimetallicity, and negative differential resistance.
Demonstrated tunability of electronic structure by controlling the stoichiometric degree of oxidation.

Conclusions:

2D boron oxide is a versatile platform for electronic structure engineering.
Controlled oxidation of 2D BO enables diverse technological applications.