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Downwards Vertical Attention Bias in Conversion Disorder vs Controls: A Pilot Study.

Sivan Gazit1, Odelia Elkana2, Liraz Dawidowicz2

  • 1Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.

Psychosomatics
|August 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Patients with conversion disorder (CD) show a downward attention bias when processing body-related words, aligning with the "sick is down" spatial metaphor. This suggests their health perception is rooted in sensorimotor experience.

Keywords:
Conversion disorderFunctional neurological symptom disorderHysteriaMetaphorsMind-bodyNeuropsychiatry

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Conversion disorder (CD) is an enigmatic condition requiring differential diagnosis.
  • Metaphors, particularly spatial ones linking affect and vertical space, are crucial for understanding abstract concepts like health.
  • Research into spatial metaphors in CD is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the "healthy is up, sick is down" spatial metaphor in patients with CD.
  • To explore the correlation between processing bodily words, CD, and vertical space perception.
  • To test the hypothesis that CD patients exhibit a downward bias in processing bodily words.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study involving 8 female patients with CD and 42 female controls.
  • A visual attention task where participants identified spatial probes (top/bottom) after prime words (bodily or non-bodily related).

Main Results:

  • Patients with CD demonstrated a significant downward attention bias when processing bodily-related words.
  • Higher levels of somatization in CD patients correlated with faster detection of lower spatial targets.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that the altered health paradigm in CD is grounded in sensorimotor perception.
  • This research opens avenues for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for conversion disorder.