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Red cell distribution width is associated with hemoglobin A1C elevation, but not glucose elevation.

Xue Bao1, Min Wan1, Yeqing Gu1

  • 1Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of non-communicable disease, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China.

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Elevated red cell distribution width (RDW) is linked to higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, but not blood glucose. This suggests RDW may indicate future diabetes risk through non-glycemic pathways.

Keywords:
CohortGlucoseGlycated hemoglobinPopulationRed cell distribution width

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a measure of the variation in red blood cell size.
  • Elevated RDW has been associated with various health conditions, including diabetes.
  • The relationship between RDW and glycemic markers requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between red cell distribution width (RDW) and the elevation of glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study analyzed data from 7,795 adults without prediabetes or diabetes.
  • Participants were followed for a mean of 2.90 years.
  • Adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models assessed the association between RDW quartiles and elevated HbA1c/glucose levels.

Main Results:

  • Higher quartiles of RDW were significantly associated with an increased risk of elevated HbA1c (P for trend<0.0001).
  • The multiple-adjusted hazard ratios for HbA1c elevation increased with RDW quartiles.
  • No significant association was found between RDW and elevated fasting or postprandial blood glucose levels.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated RDW is an independent predictor of future HbA1c elevation.
  • RDW's association with HbA1c may involve non-glycemic mechanisms.
  • These findings suggest RDW could be a useful marker in assessing prediabetes or diabetes risk.