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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune...
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...
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Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy...
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Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer01:03

Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer

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Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand  RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Flow Cytometry to Estimate Leukemia Stem Cells in Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia and in Patient-derived-xenografts, at Diagnosis and Follow Up
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Congenital Syphilis Masquerading as Leukemia.

Tiffany Lee1,2, Stephanie Bell3, Jason Scimeme2,4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine-Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida.

AJP Reports
|August 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary

The incidence of congenital syphilis is rising in the US, indicating failures in prenatal care. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for preventing this preventable, yet serious, condition.

Keywords:
congenital syphilisleukemialeukoerythroblastic anemiamaternal syphilis

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • The United States is experiencing a concerning increase in congenital syphilis cases.
  • Each case signifies a breakdown in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of syphilis among pregnant individuals.

Observation:

  • Congenital syphilis, while treatable, presents diagnostic difficulties.
  • It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in infants.

Findings:

  • Pediatricians must verify adequate syphilis screening and management during pregnancy for all women.
  • The rising incidence highlights gaps in current prenatal syphilis protocols.

Implications:

  • Strengthening prenatal syphilis screening and management is essential to reduce congenital syphilis rates.
  • Improved diagnostic strategies and timely treatment can mitigate severe infant outcomes.