Colonic mesenteric lymphatic malformation presenting as an intraabdominal abscess in an infant: A case report

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Surgery
• Vascular Malformations
• Abdominal Imaging

Background:

• Lymphatic malformations (LMs) are uncommon low-flow vascular anomalies.
• Typically found in the head and neck, isolated intraabdominal LMs are exceptionally rare.
• Superinfection can obscure the typical presentation of LMs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of intraabdominal lymphatic malformation in an infant.
• To discuss the diagnostic challenges posed by superinfection in pediatric abdominal masses.
• To emphasize the importance of considering rare diagnoses in pediatric presentations.

Main Methods:

• Case presentation of an 8-month-old male with fever and abdominal tenderness.
• Diagnostic workup included ultrasound and CT scan.
• Surgical intervention via laparoscopy and open right hemicolectomy was performed.

Main Results:

• Imaging revealed a large, rim-enhancing cystic mass adjacent to the right colon.
• Pathologic examination confirmed a mesenteric lymphatic malformation with secondary abscess formation.
• The infant recovered well following surgical resection.

Conclusions:

• This case highlights the diagnostic difficulties of intraabdominal lymphatic malformations, especially when complicated by infection.
• Superinfection can mimic other intraabdominal pathologies, necessitating a broad differential diagnosis.
• Prompt surgical management is crucial for favorable outcomes in pediatric mesenteric LMs.